Ellen Gianotti v. Independent School District 152 and RAM Mutual Insurance Co., Relators, and Sanford Health, Essentia Health Systems, Injured Workers Pharmacy, and Onword Therapy, Intervenors.

OPINION

LILLEHAUG, Justice.

On October 7, 2014, respondent Ellen Gianotti was working as a school bus monitor for relator Independent School District 152 when the bus in which she was riding, traveling at 15 miles per hour, unexpectedly braked. The sudden stop caused Gianot-ti to fall, strike the left side of her head on the bus’s front console, and land on her left arm.

Gianotti was taken to the hospital, where she reported pain in her head and left arm, but said she did not lose consciousness from the fall. A CT scan and X-rays were negative for symptoms of a concussion, and a medical report…