United States v. Wilkes

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION.225

TT. FACTS.226 I I ■

A. The Conspiracy to Distribute Marijuana. to to 05

B. The Conspiracy to Launder Money. to to -Cl

C. The Indictment. to to -Cl

D. Wilkes’ Guilty Plea. to to CO

E. Wilkes’ Background and Post-arrest Conduct. to to CO

III. CONSTITUTIONAL OBJECTION TO THE GUIDELINE RANGE OF IMPRISONMENT. to to CO

A. Apprendi and Its Progeny. to co O

1. Apprendi v. New Jersey. to CO O

2. Posb-Apprendi Developments. to CO to

a. Apprendi’s Application to Drug Quantity to CO CO

b. Apprendi’s Extension to Indictments .... to CO CO

B. The Standard for Reviewing Indictment…