Legal Opinion
United States v. Frederick R. James
Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
Decided May 14, 2003No. 02-3424PublishedCited by 71 opinions
1Opinion of the Court
EASTERBROOK, Circuit Judge.
Indicted for selling marijuana and possessing a gun in connection with that crime, Frederick James offered the “defense” that his ancestors came from Africa, that he is therefore a Moorish national, and that as a result he need obey only those laws mentioned in an ancient treaty between the United States and Morocco. This view of legal obligations is espoused by many adherents to the Moorish Science Temple, which was founded in 1913 by prophet Noble Drew Ali. Moorish Science is a heterodox Islamic sect based on teachings of Drew and his “Seven Circle Koran.” It is a…
2Cases cited9 opinions
- Employment Div., Dept. of Human Resources of Ore. v. SmithSupreme Court of the United States · 1990
- Godinez v. MoranSupreme Court of the United States · 1993
- United States v. James C. DunkelCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit · 1991
- Cheek v. United StatesSupreme Court of the United States · 1991
- Martinez v. Court of Appeal of California, Fourth Appellate DistrictSupreme Court of the United States · 2000
4 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.
3Cited by71 opinions
- United States v. AldenCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit · 2008
- United States v. BrownCourt of Appeals for the First Circuit · 2012
- United States v. Airiz ColemanCourt of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit · 2017
- McLaughlin v. CitiMortgage, Inc.District Court, D. Connecticut · 2010
- United States v. Eric PowellCourt of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit · 2017
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