United States v. Chalmer C. Hayes, Also Known as Chuck Hayes, Also Known as Charles Hayes

OPINION

GILMAN, Circuit Judge.

In 1996, Chalmer Hayes agreed to pay a man $5,000 to kill his son. Unfortunately for Hayes (but fortunately for his son), the man he tried to hire was an undercover FBI agent. Hayes was subsequently arrested, indicted, and convicted of murder for hire, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1958. For the reasons set forth below, we AFFIRM Hayes’s conviction.

I. BACKGROUND

Madge Hayes- Beckett, Chalmer Hayes’s mother, died on December 24, 1994. She left her grandson, John Hayes (Chalmer Hayes’s son), nearly all of an estate valued at $895,000. To her two sons, she left almost…