City of St. Paul v. Various Items of Drug Paraphernalia

OPINION

DAVIES, Judge.

The trial court held that the drug paraphernalia statutes were constitutional as *415applied, there was sufficient evidence to support determinations that various items were drug paraphernalia, and allowing a police officer to testify as an expert was not error. Appellant challenges these determinations. Holding that a finding of intent as to use must be read into the definition of drug paraphernalia, we reverse and remand.

FACTS

In September 1983, undercover St. Paul police officers bought several items that have the physical characteristics of drug paraphernalia from…