NXIVM Corp. v. Ross Institute

*475Judge JACOBS concurs in the majority opinion and in a separate concurring opinion.

JOHN M. WALKER, JR., Chief Judge.

This case presents us with an opportunity to examine the import of the Supreme Court’s holding in Harper & Row Publishers, Inc. v. Nation Enters., 471 U.S. 539, 105 S.Ct. 2218, 85 L.Ed.2d 588 (1985), that “ ‘the propriety of the defendant’s conduct’ ” is relevant to the “ ‘character’ ” of the use under the first factor of the statutory fair use test for copyright infringement. Id. at 562,105 S.Ct. 2218 (quoting 3 M. Nimmer, Copyright § 13.05[A], at 13-72 (1984)); see 17 U.S.C. §…