United States v. Maneer Leon

*669McCREE, Circuit Judge.

This is a direct appeal by three of five defendants who were convicted by a jury of conducting a gambling business in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1955 and of conspiracy to conduct a gambling business in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 371. Appellants present several reasons for the reversal of their convictions: (1) the district court erred in not dismissing the indictment because § 1955 of Title 18 violates the United States Constitution; (2) the district court erred in not dismissing the conspiracy count of the indictment because charging a conspiracy as well as a substantive…