United States v. Bryan Lee Simpson

LAY, Circuit Judge.

I. BACKGROUND

In the morning hours of January 21, 2004, Des Moines Police Officers Tim Morgan and Jeff Cronin were on patrol in an unmarked, white Pontiac Grand Am. Both officers wore jeans and winter jackets. During the course of them patrol, the officers drove by an apartment complex in Des Moines, Iowa, in an area known for drug trafficking. As the officers drove into the complex, they spotted a pedestrian. Officer Morgan believed the pedestrian was Jerome Shade, a man he knew from a prior arrest. Officer Cronin did not know Shade by sight. However, because there was an…