Legal Opinion
United States v. Bryan K. Kaluna
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Decided September 30, 1999No. 96-10527PublishedCited by 83 opinions
1Opinion of the Court
Opinion by Judge GRABER; Dissent by Judge THOMAS
GRABER, Circuit Judge:
In this case of first impression for the Ninth Circuit, we. reject several constitutional challenges to the federal “three-strikes law,” 18 U.S.C. § 3559(c). We therefore affirm the sentence of life imprisonment that the district court imposed.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
For present purposes, the relevant facts are not disputed. The government indicted defendant Bryan K. Kaluna for the crimes of bank robbery and conspiracy to commit bank robbery, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a) and 18 U.S.C. § 371.
In an Amended…
2Cases cited37 opinions
- Chapman v. CaliforniaSupreme Court of the United States · 1967
- Almendarez-Torres v. United StatesSupreme Court of the United States · 1998
- Neder v. United StatesSupreme Court of the United States · 1999
- Solem v. HelmSupreme Court of the United States · 1983
- Harmelin v. MichiganSupreme Court of the United States · 1991
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3Cited by83 opinions
- State v. CottonSupreme Court of Florida · 2000
- United States v. Vernon Snype, Marisa HicksCourt of Appeals for the Second Circuit · 2006
- Robert Lee Lott v. Glenn A. Mueller, WardenCourt of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 2002
- Estate of Claude Brooks, by and Through Its Administrator, Clarence "Ed" Brooks v. United States of America, and County of AlamedaCourt of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 1999
- United States v. BradshawCourt of Appeals for the First Circuit · 2002
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