Baldwin v. Estherville

MARK W. BENNETT, U.S. DISTRICT COURT JUDGE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION...823

A. Factual Background...823

B. Procedural Background...824

II. THE CITY'S MOTION TO AMEND ITS ANSWER...826

A. Arguments Of The Parties...826

B. Analysis...827

1. Applicable standards...827

2. Application of the standards...828

3. Summary...832

III. THE RENEWED MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT...833

A. The Pending Motion...833

B. Summary Judgment Standards...833

C. The Iowa Constitutional Claims...834

1. Nature of the claim or claims...834

2. The Iowa constitutional violation...835

a. Arguments of the parties...835

b. Discussion...835

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