Legal Opinion
United States v. Gonzalez
Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
Decided June 15, 2010No. 08-3528, 09-1529, 09-1631PublishedCited by 18 opinions
1Opinion of the Court
POSNER, Circuit Judge.
The three defendants pleaded guilty to conspiring to distribute more than 50 grams of mixtures containing cocaine base. Gonzalez and Ayala were sentenced to 120 months in prison and Hernandez to 300 months. Ayala’s appeal need not be discussed separately because it presents the same issues as Gonzalez’s; Ayala’s brief incorporates Gonzalez’s by reference.
Common to Gonzalez’s and Ayala’s appeals is the recurrent issue — which should have been laid to rest long ago — of distinguishing crack cocaine from other forms of cocaine base. Cocaine is the active ingredient of the…
2Cases cited42 opinions
- Ratzlaf v. United StatesSupreme Court of the United States · 1994
- United States v. Neil Roger BeidlerCourt of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit · 1997
- United States v. JerossCourt of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit · 2008
- United States v. Andrew StroudCourt of Appeals for the Second Circuit · 1990
- United States v. Edward X. MondelloCourt of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 1991
37 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.
3Cited by18 opinions
- United States v. Alan CisnerosCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit · 2017
- United States v. EtchinCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit · 2010
- United States v. ReaCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit · 2010
- United States v. BlackCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit · 2011
- United States v. Joshua BowserCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit · 2015
13 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.