Banks v. Hoffman (Amended Opinion)

Notice: This opinion is subject to formal revision before publication in the Atlantic and Maryland Reporters. Users are requested to notify the Clerk of the Court of any formal errors so that corrections may be made before the bound volumes go to press. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA COURT OF APPEALS No. 20-CV-0318 MORGAN BANKS, et al., APPELLANTS, V. DAVID H. HOFFMAN, et al., APPELLEES. Appeal from the Superior Court of the District of Columbia (2017-CA-005989-B) (Hon. Hiram E. Puig-Lugo, Trial Judge) (Argued En Banc February 25, 2025 Decided November 13, 2025) (Amended January 29, 2026 *) Bonny J.…