Cambridge University Press v. J.L. Albert

WILLIAM PRYOR, Circuit Judge:

*1293 This appeal requires us to decide whether the district court misinterpreted our mandate in an earlier appeal and misapplied the defense of fair use, 17 U.S.C. § 107 , in a dispute between three academic publishers and Georgia State University about the University's practice of distributing to students digital excerpts of copyrighted works without paying the publishers. After a bench trial, the district court ruled that the publishers established a prima facie case that 48 digital excerpts infringed their copyrights but that the University prevailed on an…