Guardians Assn. v. Civil Serv. Comm'n of New York City

We granted certiorari in this case to consider whether proof of discriminatory intent is required to establish a violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U. S. C. § 2000d et seq. For the reasons outlined below, I agree with Justice White that proof of discriminatory animus should not be required. Unlike Justice White, however, I believe that compensatory relief may be awarded to private Title VI plaintiffs in the absence of proof of discriminatory animus. I would therefore reverse the judgment of the Court of Appeals.

*616The question presented by the petition for certiorari is…