Legal Opinion
United States v. Robert A. Hawley, United States of America v. Audrey J. Hawley
Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
Decided August 31, 1988No. 87-5343, 88-5344PublishedCited by 8 opinions
1Opinion of the Court
BOWMAN, Circuit Judge.
Robert and Audrey Hawley, husband and wife, appeal their convictions on four counts of violating the currency transaction report (CTR) requirements of the Bank Secrecy Act of 1970 (Act), codified at 31 U.S.C. §§ 5313 and 5322(a). We affirm.
The Hawleys are members of the National Commodity and Barter Association (NCBA), “an unincorporated, voluntary political/educational association of individuals, some of whom are opposed to the current tax, fiscal and monetary laws and policies of the United States, and some of whom believe that the IRS has exceeded its constitutional…
2Cases cited13 opinions
- United States v. LeonSupreme Court of the United States · 1984
- Kolender v. LawsonSupreme Court of the United States · 1983
- Callanan v. United StatesSupreme Court of the United States · 1961
- United States v. Theodore v. AnzaloneCourt of Appeals for the First Circuit · 1985
- Voss v. BergsgaardCourt of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit · 1985
8 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.
3Cited by8 opinions
- United States v. ZavalaCourt of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit · 2008
- United States v. Wesley BuceyCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit · 1989
- United States v. Michael BrittCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · 1990
- United States v. SteltenCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · 1989
- United States v. Bradley Carl BrownCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · 1989
3 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.