United States v. Thomas Zichettello, Frank Richardone, Ronald Reale, Richard Hartman, James J. Lysaght, and Peter Kramer

Judge OAKES dissents in a separate opinion.

WINTER, Chief Judge:

Following a three and one-half month jury trial before Judge Batts, Ronald Rea-le, the former President of the New York City Transit Police Benevolent Association (“TPBA”), Richard Hartman, a disbarred lawyer who was the TPBA’s former labor negotiator and insurance broker, and James J. Lysaght and Peter Kramer, partners in the law firm Lysaght, Lysaght and Kramer (“LL & K”), who received millions of dollars in legal fees from the TPBA in return for kickbacks, appeal from their convictions and sentences. These appellants were…