Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) v. United States

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

STRAND, District Judge.

BACKGROUND

The Alzona Evangelical Lutheran Church, Camelback United Presbyterian Church, Southside United Presbyterian Church, Sunrise United Presbyterian Church, and two national parent denominations, the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) and American Lutheran Church (“Churches”), brought this action against the United States, Immigration and Naturalization Service (“INS”), and the United States Department of Justice claiming constitutional violations arising from INS undercover operations.

In 1984, the INS hired undercover informants to investigate…