Winfred Muchira v. Halah Al-Rawaf

TRAXLER, Circuit Judge:

Winfred Muchira (“Muchira”) appeals from the district court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of defendants-appellees Halah Al-Rawaf (“Halah”), Ibrahim Al-Rashoudi (“Ibrahim”), Fahad Al-Rashoudi (“Fahad”), and Luluh Al-Rashoudi (“Lu-luh”), on Muchira’s claim that the defendants forced her to provide labor in violation of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (“TVPA”). See 18 U.S.C. § 1589. We affirm.

I

A

Muchira is from a small village in Kenya. She grew up in poverty and did not progress beyond the eighth grade in her formal education. Nevertheless, she is…