Legal Opinion
Enrique Ruvalcaba v. City of Los Angeles Darryl Gates, Police Chief John Schiffner John Backus
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Decided August 29, 1995No. 93-56609PublishedCited by 103 opinions
1Opinion of the Court
Opinion by Judge Beezer; Partial Concurrence and Partial Dissent by Judge Burns
BEEZER, Circuit Judge:
In Pennsylvania v. Mimms, 434 U.S. 106, 98 S.Ct. 330, 54 L.Ed.2d 331 (1977) (per curiam), the United States Supreme Court held that once a motor vehicle has been *1325lawfully detained for a traffic violation, police officers may order the driver to get out of the vehicle without violating the Fourth Amendment. Today, we must decide whether to extend this holding to cover all passengers in a motor vehicle.
Enrique Ruvalcaba appeals the district court’s denial of his motion for a judgment as a matter…
2Cases cited22 opinions
- Terry v. OhioSupreme Court of the United States · 1968
- Graham v. ConnorSupreme Court of the United States · 1989
- Delaware v. ProuseSupreme Court of the United States · 1979
- Adams v. WilliamsSupreme Court of the United States · 1972
- United States v. Brignoni-PonceSupreme Court of the United States · 1975
17 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.
3Cited by103 opinions
- Harper v. City of Los AngelesCourt of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 2008
- B.K.B., Plaintiff-Appellant-Cross-Appellee v. Maui Police Department, County of Maui, County of Maui, Defendant-Appellee-Cross-AppellantCourt of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 2002
- Juan Valdez v. Mark A. Rosenbaum Al Terrault Julie Latuska Bill Parker George Gore Debbie Miller Allen CooperCourt of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 2002
- Allen v. City of Los AngelesCourt of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 1995
- Bingham v. City of Manhattan BeachCourt of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 2003
98 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.