Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly
Supreme Court of the United States
1Opinion of the CourtJustice Souter
Liability under § 1 of the Sherman Act, 15 U. S. C. § 1, requires a “contract, combination ... , or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce.” The question in this putative class action is whether a § 1 complaint can survive a motion to dismiss when it alleges that major telecommunications providers engaged in certain parallel conduct unfavorable to *549competition, absent some factual context suggesting agreement, as distinct from identical, independent action. We hold that such a complaint should be dismissed.
I
The upshot of the 1984 divestiture of the American Telephone & Telegraph…
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