Mahelona v. Hawaiian Elec. Co., Inc.

FINDINGS OF FACT and CONCLUSIONS OF LAW

SAMUEL P. KING, Chief Judge.

Introduction

In 1972, Congress passed the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972, 33 U.S.C. §§ 1251-1376 (hereinafter referred to as “FWPCA”). Any person who introduces pollutants into navigable waters must comply with the provisions of the FWPCA, see 33 U.S.C. § 1311(a), or face the severe penalties outlined in 33 U.S.C. § 1319. The Environmental Protection Agency (hereinafter “EPA”) administers the FWPCA through the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (hereinafter “NPDES”) permit program. See 33…