Recent developments in graphite furnace atomic absorption and molecular absorption spectrometries (GFAAS and GFMAS): direct analysis, speciation, preconcentration, and solid and slurry sampling

Abstract

One of the commonly used techniques for elemental analysis is graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) (also called electrothermal AAS, ETAAS). Here are reviewed the newest and most important developments, including relevant reviews, direct analysis, elemental speciation, preconcentration/isolation techniques, and solid/slurry sampling to address analytical challenges. The applications of the closely related technique graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry (GFMAS) are also described. The conclusion summarizes these developments and suggests future directions of investigation.

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