Abstract
This research studies the pedagogy, and adaptive mechanisms, and in digital tools designed for secondlanguage learning. Through an analysis of platforms such as Duolingo, Rosetta Stone, Grammarly, ELSA, and AIdriven tools like ChatGPT, it explores how these technologies personalise learning experiences and address diverse learner needs. The study highlights tools enhance accessibility and provide targeted feedback, significant gaps remain in areas such as cultural representation, technological accessibility, and holistic language development. The findings highlight the need for more inclusive, to cater to learners from varied socio-economic and cultural backgrounds, promoting comprehensive language acquisition.
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