A Comprehensive Review of State-of-the-Art Harmonic Rejection Techniques in N-Path Mixers

Abstract

The rising demand for 5 G and 6 G intensifies interference in congested bands, requiring wide-band receivers with effective harmonic rejection. N-Path mixers (NPMs) offer a promising solution despite their sensitivity to LO harmonic folding. This paper reviews three harmonic rejection techniques for NPM: active gain (AG), passive gain (PG), and pulse width modulation (PWM). AG achieves the highest rejection at increased power cost; PG provides moderate rejection with lower power and higher linearity; PWM balances gain and rejection with moderate power use. A comparative analysis guides the selection of the optimal architecture for various applications.

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