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Flatulence, or passing gas, is a normal daily phenomenon. Most individuals, yes, that includes you, will make anywhere from 500 to 1,500 milliliters of gas and can pass gas 10 to 20 times a day. But where does this bodily gas come from? A small proportion may come from ingesting air during sleep or at other times, but the majority of gas is produced by bacteria in our intestines as they digest parts of food which we cannot. Our intestine is home to trillions of bacteria living in a symbiotic relationship with us. We provide them with a safe place to stay and food to eat. In exchange, they help us extract energy from our food, make vitamins for us like vitamin B and K, boost our immune system, and play an important role in gastrointestinal barrier function, motility, and the development of various organ systems. Clearly, it's in our best interest to keep these bacteria happy. Gut bacteria get their nutrition primarily from undigested food, such as carbohydrates and proteins, which come to the large intestine. They ferment this undigested food to produce a wide range of compounds, such as short-chain fatty acids and, of course, gases. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide are the most common gaseous products of bacterial fermentation and are odorless. Some people also produce methane due to specific microbes present in their gut. But methane is actually odorless too. Well then, what stinks? The foul smell is usually due to volatile sulfur compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide and methanethiol, or methyl mercaptan. These gases, however, constitute less than 1% of volume and are often seen with ingestion of amino acids containing sulfur, which may explain the foul smell of gas from certain high-protein diets. Increased passage of gas is commonly noticed after eating foods with high amounts of indigestible carbohydrates, like beans, lentils, dairy products, onions, garlic, leeks, radishes, potatoes, oats, wheat, cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts. Humans lack the enzymes, so the bacteria able to ferment complex carbohydrates take over, and this naturally leads to more gas than usual. But if you feel uncomfortable, bloated, or visibly distended, this may indicate impaired movement of gas along the gastrointestinal tract. It's important not to just blame certain foods for gas and bloating and then avoid them. You don't
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View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-do-we-pass-gas-purna-kashyap
Uploaded 08-09-14
Flatulence is a daily phenomenon. In fact, most human beings pass gas 10-20 times a day (yes, that includes you). Where does your bodily gas come from? Purna Kashyap takes us on a journey into the intestines, shedding light on how gas is made, which foods contribute most to its production...and why it stinks.
Lesson by Purna Kashyap, animation by Ace and Son Moving Picture Co., LLC.
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