Podcast Episode

Can you survive nuclear fallout? - Brooke Buddemeier and Jessica S. Wieder

TED-Ed
Oct 11, 20268 minEN

Who’s talking

4 speakers
Addison Anderson6 min · 77%
Speaker 150 sec · 11%
Speaker 236 sec · 8%
Camille15 sec · 3%

Transcript

12 turns · 8 min
Speaker 10:00

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Speaker 20:33

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AA
Addison Anderson1:04

The full scope of a nuclear detonation is almost unimaginable. Hopefully, no one will ever experience another of these catastrophic incidents. But there is a scientifically supported plan of action that could save hundreds of thousands of lives in the area surrounding a nuclear explosion. So what is this plan? And what exactly would it protect us from? To create their destructive blast, these weapons harness the power of nuclear fission, in which an atom's nucleus is split in two. This process produces an incredible amount of energy, and in some materials, the neutrons produced by one fission are absorbed by nearby atoms, splitting additional nuclei. These chain reactions can produce a range of explosive yields, but let's consider an explosion equivalent to ten thousand tons of TNT. An explosion like this would create a fireball capable of decimating a few city blocks and a shockwave damaging buildings several kilometers away. There is tragically nothing that can be done to save those in the fireball's radius. However, for those in the shockwave and beyond, our scientifically supported protocol could be life-saving. And though it may sound surprising, the best way to stay protected before, during, and after a nuclear detonation is getting inside. Similar to protecting yourself from tornadoes or hurricanes, getting and staying inside a sturdy building would offer protection from the explosion's shockwave, heat, and radiation. The shockwave of energy would travel several kilometers beyond the fireball's radius in the first few seconds. Sturdy buildings within that range should be able to withstand the shockwave, and staying in the centers and basements of these buildings also helps provide protection from heat and flying objects. Finding shelter is especially important if the fireball occurs close to the Earth, as it will pull thousands of tons of dirt and debris several kilometers into the atmosphere. As the fireball cools, unstable atoms created by the nuclear fission mix with the debris to produce the most dangerous long-term effect of a nuclear detonation, radioactive particles called fallout. These sand-sized particles emit ionizing radiation capable of separating electrons from molecules and atoms. Exposure to massive amounts of this radiation can result in cell damage, radiation burns,

Episode notes

Explore the possibility of surviving a nuclear explosion and dig into a scientifically supported plan of action in case of a detonation.

Uploaded 08-01-19

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Nuclear weapons are some of the most powerful tools of destruction on Earth, and the full scope of a nuclear detonation is almost unimaginable. However, there is a scientifically supported plan of action that could save thousands of lives. What is this plan, and what exactly would it protect us from? Brooke Buddemeier and Jessica S. Wieder explore the possibility of surviving nuclear detonation.

Lesson by Brooke Buddemeier and Jessica S. Wieder, directed by Tom Gran and Madeleine Grossi.

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