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[instrumental music] What you're looking at isn't some weird X-ray. It's actually a baby yellow tang surgeonfish at two months old, and you thought your childhood was awkward. But here is the same fish as an adult, a beautiful inhabitant of the Indian and Pacific Ocean's coral reefs, and one of the most popular captive fish for saltwater aquariums. Of the twenty-seven thousand known fish species, over a quarter live on coral reefs that make up less than one percent of the Earth's surface. But prior to settling down in this diverse tropical environment, baby coral reef fish face the difficult process of growing up on their own, undergoing drastic changes and the journey of a lifetime before they find that reef to call home. The life cycle for most of these fish begins when their parents spew sperm and eggs into the water column. This can happen daily, seasonally, or yearly, depending on the species, generally following lunar or seasonal tidal patterns. Left to their fate, the fertilized eggs drift with the currents, and millions of baby larva hatch into the world. When they first emerge, the larva are tiny and vulnerable. Some don't even have gills yet and must absorb oxygen directly from the water through their tissue-thin skin. They may float in the water column anywhere from minutes to months, sometimes drifting thousands of miles across vast oceans, far from the reefs where they were born. Along the way, they must successfully avoid predators, obtain food, and ride the right currents to find their way to a suitable adult habitat, which might as well be a needle in a vast haystack of ocean. So how do they accomplish this feat? Until recently, marine biologists thought of larval fish as largely passive drifters, dispersed by ocean currents to distant locales. But in the last twenty years, new research has suggested that larva may not be as helpless as they seem and are capable of taking their fate in their own fins to maximize their chances of survival. The larva of many species are unexpectedly strong swimmers and can move vertically
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View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-secret-lives-of-baby-fish-amy-mcdermott
Uploaded 11-08-14
Coral reef fish, like the yellow tang surgeonfish, begin life in a fascinating and weird way – as tiny floating larvae! These babies are capable of drifting thousands of miles on ocean currents, far from the reefs where they were born. Amy McDermott describes how these tiny trekkers travel across vast oceans, searching for the far-flung reefs they will one day call home.
Lesson by Amy McDermott, animation by Reflective Films.
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