United States v. Zhen Zhou Wu

LYNCH, Chief Judge.

This case involves criminal laws meant to protect the security of the United States and rights guaranteed to criminal defendants by the Constitution.

In 1976, Congress passed the Arms Export Control Act (“AECA”), giving the President broad authority to regulate the shipment of defense articles to foreign destinations “[i]n furtherance of world peace and the security and foreign policy of the United States.” 22 U.S.C. § 2778 (2006). Three years later, Congress further authorized the President to restrict the export of “dual-use” technologies that serve both military and…