Legal Opinion
Scala v. City of Winter Park
Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit
Decided July 10, 1997No. 96-3121PublishedCited by 159 opinions
1Opinion of the Court
CARNES, Circuit Judge:
It is well-established that a municipality may be held hable under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for a single illegal act committed by one of its officers, but not on a theory of respondeat superior. Instead, § 1983 hábihty may be premised upon a single illegal act by a municipal officer only when the challenged act may fairly be said to represent official pohcy, such as when that municipal officer possesses final policymaking authority over the relevant subject matter. The dispositive issue in this appeal is whether the City of Winter Park’s City Manager and his subordinate, the…
2Cases cited15 opinions
- Monell v. New York City Dept. of Social Servs.Supreme Court of the United States · 1978
- Board of the County Commissioners of Bryan County v. BrownSupreme Court of the United States · 1997
- Pembaur v. City of CincinnatiSupreme Court of the United States · 1986
- City of St. Louis v. PraprotnikSupreme Court of the United States · 1988
- Jett v. Dallas Independent School DistrictSupreme Court of the United States · 1989
10 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.
3Cited by159 opinions
- Holloman Ex Rel. Holloman v. HarlandCourt of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · 2004
- Jacqueline Lewis v. City of Union City, GeorgiaCourt of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · 2019
- Alexander v. Fulton CountyCourt of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · 2000
- Austin v. Paramount Parks, Inc.Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit · 1999
- Doe v. School Bd. of Broward County, Fla.Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · 2010
154 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.