Bauberger v. Haynes
Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
1DissentKeith, Senior Circuit Judge
I respectfully dissent from the majority’s opinion. It is axiomatic that the Constitution prohibits jurors from going outside of the record to independently determine the standards that are to be used when deciding an accused person’s guilt or innocence. This is based on many sound principles; most importantly, the reality that such standards frequently differ from the governing rule and, thus, undermine the basic precept that all persons are guaranteed due process and equal protection under the law. Such concerns are not to be taken lightly. Were we to treat such violations cavalierly, it…
2Cases cited32 opinions
- Williams v. TaylorSupreme Court of the United States · 2000
- Bell v. ConeSupreme Court of the United States · 2002
- Lockyer v. AndradeSupreme Court of the United States · 2003
- Irvin v. DowdSupreme Court of the United States · 1961
- Remmer v. United StatesSupreme Court of the United States · 1954
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