Legal Opinion
Shelley Rubin v. City of Lancaster
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Decided March 26, 2013No. 11-56318PublishedCited by 12 opinions
1Opinion of the Court
OPINION
O’SCANNLAIN, Circuit Judge:
We must decide whether a city council’s practice of opening its meetings with privately led prayers effects 'an unconstitutional establishment of religion.
I
A
The City of Lancaster, California, typically begins each of its city-council meetings with a citizen-led invocation. 1 For years, that practice had been merely an informal one. 2 But on August 25, 2009, after receiving a cease-and-desist letter from the American Civil Liberties Union, the City decided to commit to paper an official invocation policy. That policy sets forth a two-step procedure for…
2Cases cited25 opinions
- Monell v. New York City Dept. of Social Servs.Supreme Court of the United States · 1978
- Lemon v. KurtzmanSupreme Court of the United States · 1971
- Abington School Dist. v. SchemppSupreme Court of the United States · 1963
- Lynch v. DonnellySupreme Court of the United States · 1984
- County of Allegheny v. American Civil Liberties UnionSupreme Court of the United States · 1989
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3Cited by12 opinions
- Peter Bormuth v. County of JacksonCourt of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit · 2017
- Nancy Lund v. Rowan County, North CarolinaCourt of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit · 2016
- Satanic Temple, Inc. v. City of BostonCourt of Appeals for the First Circuit · 2024
- Fields v. Speaker of the Pa. House of RepresentativesDistrict Court, M.D. Pennsylvania · 2018
- Nancy Lund v. Rowan County, North CarolinaCourt of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit · 2016
7 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.