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Legal Opinion

Liddell v. Board of Education

Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit

Decided February 13, 1981No. Nos. 80-1458, 80-1494, 80-1531, 80-1599 and 80-1735PublishedCited by 17 opinions

1Opinion of the Court

HEANEY, Circuit Judge.

We are asked by the State of Missouri and by three groups of parents to set aside the plan of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri for integrating the public schools of St. Louis. The State argues that it has been required to pay too much toward the integration plan and that it should not be ordered to participate in developing either a voluntary or an involuntary inter-district integration program. The white parent group complains that the district court plan goes too far and is unfair to white students. The black parent groups assert…

2Cases cited4 opinions

  1. Adams v. United StatesCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · 1980
  2. Liddell v. CaldwellCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · 1976
  3. Ronald Bradley v. William G. Milliken, Governor, and Board of Education of the School District of the City of DetroitCourt of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit · 1980
  4. Liddell v. BD. OF ED. OF CITY OF ST. LOUIS, MO.District Court, E.D. Missouri · 1980

3Cited by17 opinions

  1. Craton Liddell v. State of Missouri, Craton Liddell v. City of St. Louis, Plaintiff-Intervenor/appellant. In Re City of St. Louis, Paul Berra and Ronald A. LeggettCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · 1984
  2. Craton Liddell, a Minor, and Mary Puleo, Gerard Puleo, Emma Dannenberg, Robin Dannenberg, Louis Reineri and Mary Anjela Reineri, Representing the "Involved Citizens Committee" United States of America v. Board of Education of the City of St. Louis and Daniel L. Schlafly, Frederick E. Busse, Gordon L. Benson, Malcolm W. Martin, Mrs. Anita L. Bond, Mrs. Joyce Bowen, Henry M. Grich, Jr. (Secretary), Rev. James L. Cummings (President), Mrs. Erma J. Lawrence, Rev. Donald E. Mayer (Vice President), Lawrence Moser, Charles Harris, and Julius C. Dix, Benjamin M. Price, Robert W. Bernthal, David J. Mahan, Charles Brasfield (School District Superintendent) and Robert E. Wentz(superintendent of Schools), and the State of Missouri, Arthur Mallory, Commissioner of Education of the State of Missouri, the State of Missouri Board of Education. Craton Liddell, a Minor, by Minnie Liddell, His Mother and Next Friend, and Minnie Liddell Joanna Goldsby, a Minor, by Barbara Goldsby, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Barbara Goldsby Deborah Yarber, a Minor, by Samuel Yarber, Her Father and Next Friend, and Samuel Yarber Nathalie Moore, a Minor, by Louise Moore, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Louise Moore Rachelle Legrand, a Minor, by Lois Legrand, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Lois Legrand on Behalf of Themselves and All Other School-Age Children and Their Parents Residing in the Metropolitan School District of the City of St. Louis, Missouri, and Earline Caldwell, Lillie Caldwell, Denise Daniels, Dwane Daniels, Gwendolyn Daniels, Cedric Williams, Stephanie Williams, Gloria Williams, Janis Hutcherson, Lee Hutcherson, Robert Smith, Eddie S. Willis and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, City of St. Louis, Janice Adams and Jack Adams, Jr., Minors, by Jerrianne Adams, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Jerrianne Adams Catherine M. Neel and Camille A. Neel, Minors, by Catherine Neel, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Catherine Neel Mary Edington and Susan Edington, Minors, by Horace Edington, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Horace Edington the Concerned Parents for Neighborhood Schools, and Mary Puleo, Gerard Puleo, Emma Dannenberg, Robin Dannenberg, Louis Reineri and Mary Anjela Reineri, Representing the "Involved Citizens Committee" United States of America v. Board of Education of the City of St. Louis and Daniel L. Schlafly, Frederick E. Busse, Gordon L. Benson, Malcolm W. Martin, Mrs. Anita L. Bond, Mrs. Joyce Bowen, Henry M. Grich, Jr. (Secretary), Rev. James L. Cummings (President), Mrs. Erma J. Lawrence, Rev. Donald E. Mayer (Vice President), Lawrence Moser, Charles Harris, and Julius C. Dix, Benjamin M. Price, Robert W. Bernthal, David J. Mahan, Charles Brasfield (School District Superintendent) and Robert E. Wentz(superintendent of Schools), and the State of Missouri, Arthur Mallory, Commissioner of Education of the State of Missouri, the State of Missouri Board of Education, Craton Liddell, a Minor, by Minnie Liddell, His Mother and Next Friend, and Minnie Liddell Joanna Goldsby, a Minor, by Barbara Goldsby, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Barbara Goldsby Deborah Yarber, a Minor, by Samuel Yarber, Her Father and Next Friend, and Samuel Yarber Nathalie Moore, a Minor, by Louise Moore, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Louise Moore Rachelle Legrand, a Minor, by Lois Legrand, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Lois Legrand, on Behalf of Themselves and All Other School-Age Children and Their Parents Residing in the Metropolitan School District of the City of St. Louis, Missouri, and Earline Caldwell, Lillie Caldwell, Denise Daniels, Dwane Daniels, Gwendolyn Daniels, Cedric Williams, Stephanie Williams, Gloria Williams, Janis Hutcherson, Lee Hutcherson, Robert Smith, Eddie S. Willis and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, City of St. Louis, Janice Adams and Jack Adams, Jr., Minors, by Jerrianne Adams, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Jerrianne Adams Catherine M. Neel and Camille A. Neel, Minors, by Catherine Neel, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Catherine Neel Mary Edington and Susan Edington, Minors, by Horace Edington, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Horace Edington, the Concerned Parents for Neighborhood Schools, and Mary Puleo, Gerard Puleo, Emma Dannenberg, Robin Dannenberg, Louis Reineri and Mary Anjela Reineri, Representing the "Involved Citizens Committee" United States of America v. Board of Education of the City of St. Louis and Daniel L. Schlafly, Frederick E. Busse, Gordon L. Benson, Malcolm W. Martin, Mrs. Anita L. Bond, Mrs. Joyce Bowen, Henry M. Grich, Jr. (Secretary), Rev. James L. Cummings (President), Mrs. Erma J. Lawrence, Rev. Donald E. Mayer (Vice President), Lawrence Moser, Charles Harris, and Julius C. Dix, Benjamin M. Price, Robert W. Bernthal, David J. Mahan, Charles Brasfield (School District Superintendent) and Robert E. Wentz(superintendent of Schools), and the State of Missouri, Arthur Mallory, Commissioner of Education of the State of Missouri, the State of Missouri Board of Education, Craton Liddell, a Minor, by Minnie Liddell, His Mother and Next Friend, and Minnie Liddell Joanna Goldsby, a Minor, by Barbara Goldsby, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Barbara Goldsby Deborah Yarber, a Minor, by Samuel Yarber, Her Father and Next Friend, and Samuel Yarber Nathalie Moore, a Minor, by Louise Moore, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Louise Moore Rachelle Legrand, a Minor, by Lois Legrand, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Lois Legrand, on Behalf of Themselves and All Other School-Age Children and Their Parents Residing in the Metropolitan School District of the City of St. Louis, Missouri, and Earline Caldwell, Lillie Caldwell, Denise Daniels, Dwane Daniels, Gwendolyn Daniels, Cedric Williams, Stephanie Williams, Gloria Williams, Janis Hutcherson, Lee Hutcherson, Robert Smith, Eddie S. Willis and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, City of St. Louis, Janice Adams and Jack Adams, Jr., Minors, by Jerrianne Adams, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Jerrianne Adams Catherine M. Neel and Camille A. Neel, Minors, by Catherine Neel, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Catherine Neel Mary Edington and Susan Edington, Minors, by Horace Edington, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Horace Edington, the Concerned Parents for Neighborhood Schools, and Mary Puleo, Gerard Puleo, Emma Dannenberg, Robin Dannenberg, Louis Reineri and Mary Anjela Reineri, Representing the "Involved Citizens Committee" United States of America v. Board of Education of the City of St. Louis and Daniel L. Schlafly, Frederick E. Busse, Gordon L. Benson, Malcolm W. Martin, Mrs. Anita L. Bond, Mrs. Joyce Bowen, Henry M. Grich, Jr. (Secretary), Rev. James L. Cummings (President), Mrs. Erma J. Lawrence, Rev. Donald E. Mayer (Vice President), Lawrence Moser, Charles Harris, and Julius C. Dix, Benjamin M. Price, Robert W. Bernthal, David J. Mahan, Charles Brasfield (School District Superintendent) and Robert E. Wentz(superintendent of Schools), and the State of Missouri, Arthur Mallory, Commissioner of Education of the State of Missouri, the State of Missouri Board of Education. Craton Liddell, a Minor, by Minnie Liddell, His Mother and Next Friend, and Minnie Liddell Joanna Goldsby, a Minor, by Barbara Goldsby, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Barbara Goldsby Deborah Yarber, a Minor, by Samuel Yarber, Her Father and Next Friend, and Samuel Yarber Nathalie Moore, a Minor, by Louise Moore, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Louise Moore Rachelle Legrand, a Minor, by Lois Legrand, Her Mother and Next Friend, and Lois Legrand, on Behalf of Themselves and All Other School-Age Children and Their Parents Residing in the Metropolitan School District of the City of St. Louis, Missouri, and Earline Caldwell, Lillie Caldwell, Denise Daniels, Dwane Daniels, Gwendolyn Daniels, Cedric Williams, Stephanie Williams, Gloria Williams, Janis Hutcherson, Lee Hutcherson, Robert Smith, Eddie S. Willis and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, City of St. Louis, Janice Adams and Jack Adams, Jr., Minors, by Jerrianne Adams, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Jerrianne Adams Catherine M. Neel and Camille A. Neel, Minors, by Catherine Neel, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Catherine Neel Mary Edington and Susan Edington, Minors, by Horace Edington, Their Natural Guardian and Next Friend, and Horace Edington, the Concerned Parents for Neighborhood Schools, and Mary Puleo, Gerard Puleo, Emma Dannenberg, Robin Dannenberg, Louis Reineri and Mary Anjela Reineri, Representing the "Involved Citizens Committee" United States of America v. Board of Education of the City of St. Louis and Daniel L. Schlafly, Frederick E. Busse, Gordon L. Benson, Malcolm W. Martin, Mrs. Anita L. Bond, Mrs. Joyce Bowen, Henry M. Grich, Jr. (Secretary), Rev. James L. Cummings (President), Mrs. Erma J. Lawrence, Rev. Donald E. Mayer (Vice President), Lawrence Moser, Charles Harris, and Julius C. Dix, Benjamin M. Price, Robert W. Bernthal, David J. Mahan, Charles Brasfield (School District Superintendent) and Robert E. Wentz(superintendent of Schools), and the State of Missouri, Arthur Mallory, Commissioner of Education of the State of Missouri, the State of Missouri Board of EducationCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · 1981
  3. In re MissouriCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · 1981
  4. Liddell v. Board of EducationCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · 1985
  5. Liddell v. Board of EducationCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · 1982

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