United States v. Jason Springer

ARNOLD, Circuit Judge.

Jason Springer and Rick Makohoniuk appeal their convictions for bank fraud under 18 U.S.C. § 1344(1), raising a myriad of discursive challenges. We affirm the judgment of the district court. 1

This story begins with two other people—Nathan Smith and Patrick Steven. Smith and Steven created a business to help people who were struggling to repay mortgage-secured loans by negotiating with lenders to modify the terms of those loans. They discovered that some homeowners did not want to modify their loans but wanted instead to escape them by selling their homes and paying' off…