Legal Opinion
Vivian Calhoun, Deborah Birt, Intervenors-Appellants, Emma Armour, Intervenors-Appellants v. Ed S. Cook
Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
Decided October 23, 1975No. 74-2784PublishedCited by 38 opinions
1Opinion of the Court
CLARK, Circuit Judge:
Since 1958 when this school desegregation suit was filed, the winds of legal effort have driven wave after wave of judicial rhetoric against the patrons of the Atlanta public school system. Today hindsight highlights the resulting erosion, revealing that every judicial design for achieving racial desegregation in this system has failed. A totally segregated system which contained 115,000 pupils in 1958 has mutated to a substantially segregated system serving only 80,000 students today. A system with a 70% white pupil majority when the litigation began has now become a…
2Cases cited11 opinions
- Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of EducationSupreme Court of the United States · 1971
- Brown v. Board of EducationSupreme Court of the United States · 1955
- Milliken v. BradleySupreme Court of the United States · 1974
- Alexander v. Holmes County Board of EducationSupreme Court of the United States · 1969
- Evelyn R. Ellis, a Minor v. The Board of Public Instruction of Orange County, FloridaCourt of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit · 1970
6 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.
3Cited by38 opinions
- Tallulah Morgan v. John J. Kerrigan, Boston Home and School Association, Defendant-Intervenor-Appellant, Kevin H. White, Etc.Court of Appeals for the First Circuit · 1976
- Delores Ross v. Houston Independent School DistrictCourt of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit · 1983
- Liddell v. CaldwellCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit · 1976
- Royer v. StateDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida · 1980
- Ronald Bradley v. William G. Milliken, Governor, and Board of Education of the School District of the City of DetroitCourt of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit · 1980
33 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.