Turi Caiazzo and Frank Caiazzo v. Volkswagenwerk A. G., and Volkswagen of America, Inc., Bruce Beard Volkswagen, Inc. And James Valentine

*243GOETTEL, District Judge:

V olkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft (“VWAG”) appeals from a judgment entered against it on May 9,1979 for damages arising out of an automobile collision between plaintiffs-appellees, Turi and Frank Caiazzo, who were driving a minibus manufactured by appellant, and defendant James Valentine, who has not joined in this appeal.1

The Caiazzos’ claim against VWAG arises out of an area of tort law that has come to be. known as the “crashworthiness” or “second collision” doctrine.2 Under this theory of liability, the claimant does not allege that any defect in the automobile…