United States v. Whiting

BOUDIN, Circuit Judge.

These cases arise out of an extensive undercover law enforcement operation targeted at the “New York Boys,” a large-scale drug distribution ring operating out of the Orchard Park Housing Project in Roxbury, Massachusetts. The seven defendants currently before the court appeal their convictions, their sentences, or both. We affirm the district court’s rulings on all but one point.1

I

On December 11, 1990, a federal grand jury indicted Darryl Whiting, Sean Dixon, Renaldo Pledger, Edwin Carmichael, and Steven Wadlington — as well as 26 eo-defen-*1299dants — for conspiracy to…