Joann S. Reed, Plaintiff-Appellee-Cross-Appellant v. A.W. Lawrence & Co., Inc., Defendant-Appellant-Cross-Appellee

JOSÉ A CABRANES, Circuit Judge:

In this appeal from a judgment entered by the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York (Thomas J. McAvoy, Chief Judge), we consider, among other things, the factors necessary to establish a prima facie ease of retaliatory dis*1174charge. The plaintiff, Joann Reed (“Reed,” “plaintiff,” or “employee”), claimed that her former employer, A.W. Lawrence & Co., Inc. (“Lawrence,” “defendant,” or “employer”) discharged her in retaliation for complaining about a vulgar comment made to her by a coworker. Reed alleged that the employer’s response to her…