United States v. Howard Jackson, Jr., United States of America v. Billy Joe Payne, United States of America v. Robert H. Willis

HAMLEY, Circuit Judge:

Howard Jackson, Jr., Billy Joe Payne and Robert H. Willis were jointly tried and convicted of bank robbery with a gun, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a)-(d). Their individual appeals have been consolidated. We affirm all three judgments.

At 11:45 a. m., on April 28, 1970, three masked Negroes robbed the Valley National Bank, Phoenix, Arizona, of over ten thousand dollars. Employees and customers testified that all three robbers wore stocking masks and at least some of them were armed. The three defendants were arrested and charged with this crime.

All three defendants…