United States v. Melina Ali

• Affirmed by published opinion. Judge Motz wrote the opinion, in which Judge ■ Wilkinson and Judge Diaz joined.

DIANA GRIBBON MOTZ, Circuit Judge:

Following an investigation of Melina Ali’s income tax liability, the Internal Revenue Service issued a' summons to her seeking various documents. When Ali failed to produce certain documents, the district court held her in contempt. Ali appeals, and for the reasons that follow, we affirm.

I

This case involves a complex factual and procedural history, which we need only briefly summarize. In 2013, the IRS began investigating Ali’s federal income tax…