UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. CITY OF ALEXANDRIA Et Al., Defendants-Appellees

GOLDBERG, Circuit Judge:

This case and its companion case, United States v. City of Miami, 614 F.2d 1322 (5th Cir. 1980), also decided today, present difficult and troubling questions concerning the interrelationship of “reverse discrimination,” affirmative action, and the principles governing consent decrees. Most of the substance of our opinion is contained in City of Miami, and we do not repeat it here. Rather, we refer to and adopt the relevant portions of our City of Miami opinion. This case does present a few wrinkles of its own, which require separate discussion and are addressed fully…