Legal Opinion
United States v. Washington
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Decided January 28, 1998No. Nos. 96-35014, 96-35082, 96-35142, 96-35196, 96-35200 and 96-35223PublishedCited by 2 opinions
1Opinion of the Court
Opinion by Judge TROTT; Concurrence by Judge BEEZER.
TROTT, Circuit Judge:
I. OVERVIEW
The State of Washington, groups of private tideland property owners (“Private Owners”), and commercial shellfish growers (“Growers”) (collectively, “Appellants”) appeal the district court’s judgment following two bench trials in an action brought by numerous Indian Tribes1 (the “Tribes”) and the United States (on the Tribes’ behalf) seeking a declaration of rights to shellfish under the Stevens Treaties (“Treaties”). The United States and the Tribes cross-appeal the district court’s order implementing the…
2Cases cited39 opinions
- Sawyer v. WhitleySupreme Court of the United States · 1992
- Montana v. United StatesSupreme Court of the United States · 1981
- Shively v. BowlbySupreme Court of the United States · 1894
- Oklahoma Tax Comm'n v. Citizen Band of Potawatomi Tribe of Okla.Supreme Court of the United States · 1991
- Countyof Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation of NYSupreme Court of the United States · 1985
34 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.
3Cited by2 opinions
- Seneca Nation of Indians v. New YorkDistrict Court, W.D. New York · 2002
- United States of America Muckleshoot Tribe Nooksack Upper Skagit Squaxin Island Lummi Indian Tribe Makah Tribe Tulalip Tribe Swinomish Indian Tribal Community Quileute Indian Tribe Puyallup Tribe Hoh Indian Tribe Suquamish Tribe Quinault Indian Nation Confederated Tribes & Bands of the Yakima Indian Nation Nisqually Indian Tribe Jamestown Tribe Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe Port Gamble Bands Skokoish Tribe Sauk-Suiattle Tribe Stillaguamish Tribe v. State of Washington, United States of America Muckleshoot Tribe Nooksack Upper Skagit Squaxin Island Lummi Indian Tribe Makah Tribe Tulalip Tribe Swinomish Indian Tribal Community Puyallup Tribe Quileute Indian Tribe Suquamish Tribe Hoh Indian Tribe Quinault Indian Nation Confederated Tribes & Bands of the Yakima Indian Nation Nisqually Indian Tribe Jamestown Tribe Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe Port Gamble Bands Skokoish Tribe Sauk-Suiattle Tribe Stillaguamish Tribe v. State of Washington, and 26 Upland and Tideland Private Property Owners, (Dan Buehler, Robert L. Davis, Bruce I. Fielding, Arthur J. Gerdes, Joe Hoots, Keith C. Huetson, Commander J.C. James, Richard Sayre Koch, Elaine C. Lefler, Joan Lemonds-Roush, John S. Lewis, Steven L. Luke, Edward R. McMillan Robert F. Newman, Mark A. Nysether, Arthur I. Price, Ray D. Randall, Cynthia Ramussen, Robert G. Shanks, Axel Strakeljahn, Leana Tracy, Stuart W. Turner, George B. Usnick, Lee S. Vincent, Joan Walker and William E. Whitney, Jr.), Defendants-Intervenors-Appellants. United States of America, Muckleshoot Tribe Nooksack Upper Skagit Squaxin Island Lummi Indian Tribe Makah Tribe Tulalip Tribe Swinomish Indian Tribal Community Puyallup Tribe Quileute Indian Tribe Suquamish Tribe Hoh Indian Tribe Quinault Indian Nation Confederated Tribes & Bands of the Yakima Indian Nation Nisqually Indian Tribe Jamestown Tribe Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe Port Gamble Bands Skokoish Tribe Sauk-Suiattle Tribe Stillaguamish Tribe v. State of Washington, and James Hadley James Carter Ann Carter Charmond Adkins Larry Alexander Shirlee Alexander Grace Boyd Pierce Davis Rosemary Duncan May Davis James C. Johnston Sarah Johnston W.K. Kirch Jo Ann Kirch David Mitchell Louis Nawrot, Jr. Boon Ho Woo Harold Bauer Billie Bauer William Chase Frances Fellows George Grader Earl Hunsperger Millicent Hunsperger Edward Krenz Eleanor Krenz H.J. Merrick Moss Gordon Margaret Moss Sewall Reynolds Emma Reynolds John Riach Alva Hazel Robb Irene Smith Providence Worley, Defendants-Intervenors- United States of America, and Lummi Tribe Muckleshoot Tribe Nooksack Upper Skagit Squaxin Island Makah Tribe Swinomish Indian Tribal Community Tulalip Tribe Puyallup Tribe Quileute Indian Tribe Hoh Indian Tribe Suquamish Tribe Nisqually Indian Tribe Jamestown Tribe Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe Port Gamble Bands Skokoish Tribe Sauk-Suiattle Tribe Stillaguamish Tribe, Plaintiffs-Intervenors- and Quinault Indian Nation Confederated Tribes & Bands of the Yakima Indian Nation, Plaintiffs-Intervenors v. State of Washington, United States of America, and Muckleshoot Tribe Nooksack Upper Skagit Squaxin Island Lummi Indian Tribe Makah Tribe Tulalip Tribe Swinomish Indian Tribal Community Puyallup Tribe Quileute Indian Tribe Hoh Indian Tribe Suquamish Tribe Quinault Indian Nation Confederated Tribes & Bands of the Yakima Indian Nation Nisqually Indian Tribe Jamestown Tribe Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe Port Gamble Bands Skokoish Tribe Sauk-Suiattle Tribe Stillaguamish Tribe, Plaintiffs-Intervenors v. State of Washington, United States of America, and Lummi Indian Tribe Muckleshoot Tribe Nooksack Upper Skagit Squaxin Island Makah Tribe Swinomish Indian Tribal Community Tulalip Tribe Puyallup Tribe Quileute Indian Tribe Hoh Indian Tribe Suquamish Tribe Quinault Indian Nation Confederated Tribes & Bands of the Yakima Indian Nation Nisqually Indian Tribe Jamestown Tribe Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe Port Gamble Bands Skokoish Tribe Sauk-Suiattle Tribe Stillaguamish Tribe, Plaintiffs-Intervenors v. State of Washington, and Puget Sound Shellfish Growers, Defendants-IntervenorsCourt of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 1998