Americans for Clean Energy v. Environmental Protection Agency

KAVANAUGH, Circuit Judge:

The Clean Air Act’s Renewable Fuel Program requires an increasing amount of renewable fuel to.be introduced into the Nation’s transportation fuel supply each year. See 42 U.S.C.,§ 7545(o). By mandating the replacement—at least to a certain degree—of fossil fuel with renewable fuel, Congress intended the Renewable Fuel Program to move the United States toward greater energy independence and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

EPA is the federal agency primarily responsible for implementing the Renewable Fuel Program’s requirements. Congress has directed EPA to annually…