Legal Opinion
Kolstad v. American Dental Assn.
Supreme Court of the United States
Decided June 22, 1999No. 98-208PublishedCited by 1,087 opinions
1Opinion of the CourtJustice O’Connor
Under the terms of the Civil Rights Act of 1991 (1991 Act), 105 Stat. 1071, punitive damages are available in claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII), 78 Stat. 253, as amended, 42 U. S. C. §2000e et seq. (1994 ed. and Supp. III), and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), 104 Stat. 328, 42 U. S. C. § 12101 et seq. Punitive damages are limited, however, to cases in which the em*530ployer has engaged in intentional discrimination and has done so “with malice or with reckless indifference to the federally protected rights of an aggrieved individual.” Rev. Stat.…
2Cases cited29 opinions
- Farmer v. BrennanSupreme Court of the United States · 1994
- Steel Co. v. Citizens for a Better EnvironmentSupreme Court of the United States · 1998
- Faragher v. City of Boca RatonSupreme Court of the United States · 1998
- Meritor Savings Bank, FSB v. VinsonSupreme Court of the United States · 1986
- Burlington Industries, Inc. v. EllerthSupreme Court of the United States · 1998
24 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.
3Cited by1,087 opinions
- Exxon Shipping Co. v. BakerSupreme Court of the United States · 2008
- Ellis v. Costco Wholesale Corp.Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · 2011
- Laxton v. Gap Inc.Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit · 2003
- Halo Electronics, Inc. v. Pulse Electronics, Inc.Supreme Court of the United States · 2016
- Bradley Miller v. Kenworth of Dothan, Inc.Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · 2002
1,082 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.