Legal Opinion
Clarke v. United States
District Court, District of Columbia
Decided December 13, 1988No. Civ. A. 88-3190 (RCL)PublishedCited by 13 opinions
1Opinion of the Court
MEMORANDUM OPINION
LAMBERTH, District Judge.
Plaintiffs in this action challenge the constitutionality of the “Nation’s Capital Religious Liberty and Academic Freedom Act,” also known as the “Armstrong Amendment,” which was enacted October 1, 1988 by Congress as part of the 1989 D.C. Appropriations Act. The Armstrong Amendment reads as follows:
Sec. 145(a) This section may be cited as the ‘Nation’s Capital Religious Liberty and Academic Freedom Act.’(b) None of the funds appropriated by this Act shall be obligated or expended after December 31, 1988, if on that date the District of Columbia has…
2Cases cited27 opinions
- Warth v. SeldinSupreme Court of the United States · 1975
- Pickering v. Board of Ed. of Township High School Dist. 205, Will Cty.Supreme Court of the United States · 1968
- Buckley v. ValeoSupreme Court of the United States · 1976
- Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Inc.Supreme Court of the United States · 1982
- Roth v. United StatesSupreme Court of the United States · 1957
22 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.
3Cited by13 opinions
- David A. Clarke v. United StatesCourt of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit · 1990
- Hendrick v. WaltersSupreme Court of Oklahoma · 1993
- David B. Miller v. Town of Hull, Massachusetts, Etc.Court of Appeals for the First Circuit · 1989
- Board Of Education Of The Mt. Sinai Union Free School District v. New York State Teachers Retirement SystemCourt of Appeals for the Second Circuit · 1995
- David A. Clarke v. United StatesCourt of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit · 1989
8 more not listed; retrieve them via the Exa API.