United States v. Gilbert Madrid Gerald Inouye Gordon Yabui Edwin Madamba

BEEZER, Circuit Judge:

Gerald Inouye, Edwin Madamba, Gordon Yabui and Gilbert Madrid appeal their convictions under 18 U.S.C. §§ 1962(c), 1962(d) and 1955 for illegal gambling and racketeering. Madamba appeals his conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 1951 for extortion. In-ouye and Yabui appeal their convictions under 18 U.S.C. § Í628 for making false material declarations before a grand jury.

Each appellant claims that an ex parte communication between a juror and court clerk requires a new trial and that erroneous jury instructions require reversal. We affirm.

I

During deliberations, two jurors left…