Regional Rail Reorganization Act Cases

These direct appeals and the cross-appeal are from a judgment of a three-judge District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania that declared the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 (Rail Act), 87 Stat. 985, 45 U. S. C. § 701 et seq. (1970 ed., Supp. Ill), unconstitutional in part and enjoined its enforcement.1 383 F. *108Supp. 510 (1974). We noted probable jurisdiction, post, p. 801. We reverse.

I

Introduction

A rail transportation crisis seriously threatening the national welfare was precipitated when eight major railroads in the northeast and midwest region of the country 2 entered…