Albert L. Lipscomb v. The Honorable Wes Wise, Mayor of the City of Dallas, Etc. v. Adelfa B. Callejo, Intervenors-Appellants

TUTTLE, Circuit Judge:

In Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186, 82 S.Ct. 691, 7 L.Ed.2d 663 (1962), the Supreme Court held that the constitutional validity of legislative apportionment schemes was a justiciable question because “[jjudicial standards under the Equal Protection Clause are well developed and familiar,” 369 U.S. at 226, 82 S.Ct. at 715. Subsequent decisions establishing the principle of individual electoral equality, see Reynolds v. Sims, 377 U.S. 533, 84 S.Ct. 1362, 12 L.Ed.2d 506 (1964), and applying the dilution doctrine, see White v. Regester, 412 U.S. 755, 93 S.Ct. 2342, 37 L.Ed.2d…