In Re Publication Paper Antitrust Litigation

SUSAN L. CARNEY, Circuit Judge:

Plaintiffs appeal from an award of summary judgment to defendants in an antitrust class action alleging, a conspiracy to fix prices in violation of section 1 of the Sherman Act,. 15 U.S.C. § 1. Defendants Stora Enso North America , Corporation (“SENA”) and Stora Enso Oyj (“SEO”) and former defendants UPM-Kymmene Corporation and UPM-Kymmene, Inc. (together, “UPM”) are manufacturers and sellers of “publication paper,” a type of paper used in preparing printed material of various types. Plaintiffs — a certified class consisting of direct purchasers of defendants’…